Acetitomaculum ruminis 139BT
Introduction
Acetitomaculum ruminis 139BT (DSM 5522, ATCC 43876) is a strictly anaerobic, Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterium belonging to the family Lachnospiraceae. It was originally isolated from the rumen of cattle and first described by Greening and Leedle in 1989 [1]. The strain 139BT is designated as the type strain of A. ruminis [1, 2].
A. ruminis is an acetogenic bacterium capable of utilizing hydrogen (H2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) to produce acetate through the Wood–Ljungdahl pathway [1, 3]. It can also utilize organic substrates for growth. As a hydrogen-consuming acetogen, A. ruminis may compete with methanogenic archaea for hydrogen in the rumen. However, methanogenesis is generally considered the dominant hydrogen disposal pathway under typical rumen conditions [3, 4].
The genome sequence of A. ruminis 139BT is available through the Hungate1000 project, which provides genomic resources for understanding the metabolic capabilities and ecological roles of rumen microorganisms [5]. Its acetogenic metabolism makes this bacterium particularly interesting for studying rumen hydrogen utilization and potential alternative pathways to methane formation.
LPSN: Acetitomaculum ruminis (Greening and Leedle, 1989).
NCBI: Acetitomaculum ruminis.
GTDB: Acetitomaculum ruminis.
Type strain: 139BT (= DSM 5522 = ATCC 43876).
Global Methane Hub Metadata
| Origin: | Illinois, Mackie Lab |
| Sequenced by: | Yuqi Li |
| Assembled by: | William G. Alexander |
| Methylome called by: | William G. Alexander |
| MIC and Culturing Conditions by: | Yuqi Li |
Genome
DefenseFinder Results
Methylome
| Motif | Percent methylated |
|---|---|
| CTGC(6mA)G | 95.68% |
| TA(6mA)GNNNNNNTCC | 95.61% |
| GG(6mA)NNNNNNCTTA | 96.1% |
| G(6mA)TGNNNNNNTCC | 84.95% |
| GG(6mA)NNNNNNCATT | 92.38% |
| G(6mA)TCG | 89.82% |
| A(6mA)TGNNNNNNTCC | 96.19% |
| GG(6mA)NNNNNNCATT | 90.36% |
| GAT(5mC) | 32.66% |
Methylating E. coli Strains
Culturing Conditions
Acetitomaculum ruminis 139BT can be cultivated in M2GSC medium at 37 °C under strictly anaerobic conditions. Cultures are maintained in an anaerobic chamber containing 95% CO2 and 5% H2.
Antibiotic MIC Tests
| Antibiotic | Concentration (μg/mL) |
|---|---|
| Ampicillin | Resistant (>200 μg/mL) |
| Kanamycin | Resistant (>200 μg/mL) |
| Chloramphenicol | 1.03 |
| Tetracycline | 0.19 |
| Gentamicin | 4.75 |
| Streptomycin | Resistant (>200 μg/mL) |
| Erythromycin | 2.67 |
Protocols
Transformation Results
External Links
[1] Greening RC, Leedle JAZ. 1989. Enrichment and isolation of Acetitomaculum ruminis, gen. nov., sp. nov.: acetogenic bacteria from the bovine rumen. Archives of Microbiology 151: 399–406. doi: 10.1007/BF00416597.
[2] DSMZ – German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures. Acetitomaculum ruminis DSM 5522. https://www.dsmz.de/collection/catalogue/details/culture/DSM-5522.
[3] Ragsdale SW, Pierce E. 2008. Acetogenesis and the Wood–Ljungdahl pathway of CO2 fixation. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) – Proteins and Proteomics 1784: 1873–1898. doi: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2008.08.012.
[4] Ungerfeld EM. 2020. Metabolic hydrogen flows in rumen fermentation: principles and possibilities of interventions. Frontiers in Microbiology 11: 589. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00589.
[5] Seshadri R, Leahy SC, Attwood GT, et al. 2018. Cultivation and sequencing of rumen microbiome members from the Hungate1000 Collection. Nature Biotechnology 36: 359–367. doi: 10.1038/nbt.4110.
