Ruminococcus albus 7: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Image1.png|thumb|350x350px|Scanning electron microscopic image of ''Ruminococcus albus'' 7. | |||
<small>This photo belongs to the GMH Project and was taken by Kingsley Boateng.</small>]] | |||
== Introduction == | == Introduction == | ||
'''''Ruminococcus albus''''' '''7 (DSM 20455 ATCC 272107 JCM 14654)''' | |||
''Ruminococcus albus'' 7 is an obligately anaerobic, Gram-positive bacterium first isolated from the bovine rumen by Robert Edward Hungate in 1951 [1]. This strain primarily utilizes plant-derived carbohydrates, such as cellulose, xylan, and cellobiose, as fermentation substrates, and produces ethanol and CO<sub>2</sub> as it primary fermentation end products, along with relatively law amount of acetate [2]. | |||
This bacterium have high cellolytic ability and play a key roll for initial fiber degradation in rumen. Additioally, the production of H<sub>2</sub> during fermentation by ''R. albus'', providing electrons for CO₂ reduction and methane production by methanogenic archaea [3]. Consequently, understanding the metabolic pathways and symbiotic relationships of ''R. albus'' 7 is essential for ongoing research aimed at mitigating enteric methane emissions from livestock. | |||
LPSN: ''Ruminococcus albus'' Hungate 1957 | |||
NCBI: ''Ruminococcus albus'' | |||
GTDB: ''Ruminococcus albus'' | |||
Risk group: 1 | |||
== Global Methane Hub Metadata == | == Global Methane Hub Metadata == | ||
| Line 8: | Line 21: | ||
|+ | |+ | ||
|Origin: | |Origin: | ||
|United States of America, | |United States of America, Mackie lab | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Sequenced by: | |Sequenced by: | ||
| | |Yuqi Li | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Assembled by: | |Assembled by: | ||
| Line 30: | Line 43: | ||
== Genome == | == Genome == | ||
[[File:Image.png|thumb|center|Circos plot of ''R. albus'' 7. Source: Makoto Adachi|300x300px]] | |||
== DefenseFinder Results == | == DefenseFinder Results == | ||
== Methylome == | == Methylome == | ||
| Line 42: | Line 53: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|G(6mA)TC | |G(6mA)TC | ||
| | |99.9 | ||
|- | |- | ||
|GCGC(6mA)G | |GCGC(6mA)G | ||
| | |96.79 | ||
|- | |- | ||
|CAG(6mA)KC | |CAG(6mA)KC | ||
| | |99.54 | ||
|- | |- | ||
|CTYR(6mA)G | |CTYR(6mA)G | ||
| | |83.68 | ||
|- | |- | ||
|C(6mA)GNNNNNNNTTYG/ | |C(6mA)GNNNNNNNTTYG/ | ||
CRA(6mA)NNNNNNNCTG | CRA(6mA)NNNNNNNCTG | ||
| | |96/99.89 | ||
|- | |- | ||
|G(6mA)STC | |G(6mA)STC | ||
| | |98.94 | ||
|- | |- | ||
|GAGG(6mA)G | |GAGG(6mA)G | ||
| | |97.58 | ||
|- | |- | ||
|G(5mC)WGC | |G(5mC)WGC | ||
| | |84.64 | ||
|- | |- | ||
|GGN(5mC)C | |GGN(5mC)C | ||
| | |72.94 | ||
|- | |- | ||
|CTC(4mC)TC | |CTC(4mC)TC | ||
| | |95.86 | ||
|} | |} | ||
| Line 78: | Line 89: | ||
== Culturing Conditions == | == Culturing Conditions == | ||
''R. albus'' 7 grown well in [[M2GSC Medium|M2GSC]] and [[M10 Medium|M10]] medium at 37°C. Plating efficiency of ''R. albus'' 7 on M10 agar is close to 100%. | |||
== Antimicrobial MIC Tests == | == Antimicrobial MIC Tests == | ||
Note: Antimicrobial MIC was assessed using [[M2GSC Medium|M2GSC]] liquid medium. | |||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|+ | |+ | ||
!'''Antibiotic''' | |||
!'''Concentration (µg/ml)''' | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Ampicilin | |Ampicilin | ||
|2.92 | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Chlorhamphenicol | |Chlorhamphenicol | ||
|0.08 | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Erythromycin | |Erythromycin | ||
|1.79 | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Gentamycin | |Gentamycin | ||
|4.67 | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Kanamycin | |Kanamycin | ||
|5.77 | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Streptomycin | |Streptomycin | ||
|Resistance (>200) | |Resistance (>200) | ||
|- | |||
|Tetracycline | |||
|1.0 | |||
|} | |} | ||
| Line 113: | Line 127: | ||
== External Links == | == External Links == | ||
[1] Hungate RE. 1957. Microorganisms in the rumen of cattle fed a constant ration. Can J Microbiol 3:289–311. | |||
[2] Pavlostathis SG, Miller TL, Wolin MJ. 1988. Fermentation of Insoluble Cellulose by Continuous Cultures of Ruminococcus albus. Appl Environ Microbiol 54:2655–2659. | |||
[3] Kim NK, Koike S, Kelly W, Attwood GT, Cook GM, Cann I, Mackie RI. 2026. Transcriptomic and metabolic analyses of interspecies hydrogen and electron transfer during syntrophic growth of Ruminococcus albus 7 with four different hydrogen-utilizing Methanobrevibacter strains. Anim Microbiome <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1186/s42523-026-00644-8</nowiki>. | |||
Latest revision as of 18:16, 30 October 2026
Introduction
Ruminococcus albus 7 (DSM 20455 ATCC 272107 JCM 14654)
Ruminococcus albus 7 is an obligately anaerobic, Gram-positive bacterium first isolated from the bovine rumen by Robert Edward Hungate in 1951 [1]. This strain primarily utilizes plant-derived carbohydrates, such as cellulose, xylan, and cellobiose, as fermentation substrates, and produces ethanol and CO2 as it primary fermentation end products, along with relatively law amount of acetate [2].
This bacterium have high cellolytic ability and play a key roll for initial fiber degradation in rumen. Additioally, the production of H2 during fermentation by R. albus, providing electrons for CO₂ reduction and methane production by methanogenic archaea [3]. Consequently, understanding the metabolic pathways and symbiotic relationships of R. albus 7 is essential for ongoing research aimed at mitigating enteric methane emissions from livestock.
LPSN: Ruminococcus albus Hungate 1957
NCBI: Ruminococcus albus
GTDB: Ruminococcus albus
Risk group: 1
Global Methane Hub Metadata
| Origin: | United States of America, Mackie lab |
| Sequenced by: | Yuqi Li |
| Assembled by: | William G. Alexander |
| Methylome called by: | William G. Alexander |
| Methyltransferases cloned by: | Roy Rodriguez Carrero |
| MIC and Culturing Conditions by: | Roy Rodriguez Carrero |
| Transformation by: |
Genome
DefenseFinder Results
Methylome
| Motif | Percent methylated |
|---|---|
| G(6mA)TC | 99.9 |
| GCGC(6mA)G | 96.79 |
| CAG(6mA)KC | 99.54 |
| CTYR(6mA)G | 83.68 |
| C(6mA)GNNNNNNNTTYG/
CRA(6mA)NNNNNNNCTG |
96/99.89 |
| G(6mA)STC | 98.94 |
| GAGG(6mA)G | 97.58 |
| G(5mC)WGC | 84.64 |
| GGN(5mC)C | 72.94 |
| CTC(4mC)TC | 95.86 |
Methylating E. coli
add here
Culturing Conditions
R. albus 7 grown well in M2GSC and M10 medium at 37°C. Plating efficiency of R. albus 7 on M10 agar is close to 100%.
Antimicrobial MIC Tests
Note: Antimicrobial MIC was assessed using M2GSC liquid medium.
| Antibiotic | Concentration (µg/ml) |
|---|---|
| Ampicilin | 2.92 |
| Chlorhamphenicol | 0.08 |
| Erythromycin | 1.79 |
| Gentamycin | 4.67 |
| Kanamycin | 5.77 |
| Streptomycin | Resistance (>200) |
| Tetracycline | 1.0 |
Protocols
add here
Transformation Results
add here
External Links
[1] Hungate RE. 1957. Microorganisms in the rumen of cattle fed a constant ration. Can J Microbiol 3:289–311.
[2] Pavlostathis SG, Miller TL, Wolin MJ. 1988. Fermentation of Insoluble Cellulose by Continuous Cultures of Ruminococcus albus. Appl Environ Microbiol 54:2655–2659.
[3] Kim NK, Koike S, Kelly W, Attwood GT, Cook GM, Cann I, Mackie RI. 2026. Transcriptomic and metabolic analyses of interspecies hydrogen and electron transfer during syntrophic growth of Ruminococcus albus 7 with four different hydrogen-utilizing Methanobrevibacter strains. Anim Microbiome https://doi.org/10.1186/s42523-026-00644-8.
