Butyrivibrio proteoclasticus B316ᵀ
Introduction
Butyrivibrio proteoclasticus B316T
Butyrivibrio proteoclasticus B316T (DSM 14932), formerly Clostridium proteoclasticum, is a Gram-positive, proteolytic, polysaccharide-degrading, butyrate-producing, anaerobic bacterium isolated from the bovine rumen [1, 2], and is the type strain of the species [3].
B316 has a large repertoire of carbohydrate active enzymes (116 glycosyl hydrolases, 116 glycosyl transferases, 6 polysaccharide lyases, 11 carbohydrate esterases) [4]. B316 has biohydrogenating ability [5] and can form stearic acid (18 : 0) from linoleic acid (cis-9,cis-12-18 : 2). The genes for this have not been characterised.
The B316 genome (4,404,886 bp) consists of a chromosome (3,554,804 bp) and three plasmids (361,399 bp, 302,358 bp and 186,325 bp) [6]. The 302 kb plasmid has two rRNA operons and appears functionally similar to the main chromosome.
B316 lacks an identifiable enolase (EC4.2.1.11), the enzyme that converts 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate in the penultimate step of the Embden- Meyerhof (EM) glycolytic pathway [6]. Several other Butyrivibrio cultures are also missing the enolase gene [7], but it has not been determined if alternative pathways are present.
LPSN: Butyrivibrio proteoclasticus (Attwood et al. 1996) Moon et al. 2008
NCBI: Butyrivibrio proteoclasticus. Tax ID: 515622.
GTDB: Butyrivibrio proteoclasticus.
Risk group: 1
Bacillota (firmicutes)- Clostridia- Lachnospirales- Lachnospiraceae- Butyrivibrio
Genome
Methylome
| motif | # site methylated | total sites | % methylated |
|---|---|---|---|
| ATTA(6mA)T | Example | Example | Example |
| T(5mC)TGG/C(5mC)AGA | Example | Example | Example |
E.coli methylation strain
Completed, AG20914
Antibiotic MIC tests
MIC test strip result
| Antibiotic | MIC |
|---|---|
| Ampicillin | 0.25ug/ml |
| Streptomycin | 8 ug/ml |
| Spectinomycin | 12ug/ml |
| Kanamycin | 16ug/ml |
| Chloramphenicol | 3ug/ml |
| Gentamicin | 0.5ug/ml |
| Erythromycin | 0.02ug/ml |
| Tetracycline | Resistant |
| Trimethoprim | Resistant |
Defensefinder prediction
| Type / Subtype | Mechanism | Note |
|---|---|---|
| Gabija (Gabija) | ||
| AbiD (AbiD) | Against phage infection | |
| RM (RM_Type_IV) | ||
| Wadjet (Wadjet_I) | against closed-circular DNA (regardless of supercoiling state) | Full system present |
External Links
[1] Attwood GT, Reilly K, Patel BK. 1996. Clostridium proteoclasticum sp. nov., a novel proteolytic bacterium from the bovine rumen. Int J Syst Bacteriol 46: 753-8. doi: 10.1099/00207713-46-3-753.
[2] Moon CD, Pacheco DM, Kelly WJ, Leahy SC, Li D, Kopecny J, Attwood GT. 2008. Reclassification of Clostridium proteoclasticum as Butyrivibrio proteoclasticus comb. nov., a butyrate-producing ruminal bacterium. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:2041-2045. doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.65845-0.
[3] https://bacdive.dsmz.de/strain/140655.
[4] https://www.cazy.org/b1301.html.
[5] Wallace JR, Chaudhary LC, McKain N, McEwan NR, Richardson AJ, Vercoe PE, Walker ND, Paillard D. 2006. Clostridium proteoclasticum: A ruminal bacterium that forms stearic acid from linoleic acid. FEMS Microbiol 265: 195-201. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2006.00487.x.
[6] Kelly WJ, Leahy SC, Altermann E, Yeoman CJ, Dunne JC, Kong Z, Pacheco DM, Li D, Noel SJ, Moon CD, Cookson AL, Attwood GT. 2010. The glycobiome of the rumen bacterium Butyrivibrio proteoclasticus B316(T) highlights adaptation to a polysaccharide-rich environment. PLoS One 5: e11942. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0011942.
[7] Seshadri R, Leahy SC, Attwood GT, Teh KH, Lambie SC, Cookson AL, Eloe-Fadrosh EA, Pavlopoulos GA, Hadjithomas M, Varghese NJ, Paez-Espino D; Hungate1000 project collaborators; Perry R, Henderson G, Creevey CJ, Terrapon N, Lapebie P, Drula E, Lombard V, Rubin E, Kyrpides NC, Henrissat B, Woyke T, Ivanova NN, Kelly WJ. 2019. Cultivation and sequencing of rumen microbiome members from the Hungate1000 Collection. Nature Biotechnol 36: 359-367. doi: 10.1038/nbt.4110.
