Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens D1T
Introduction
Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens D1T
Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens D1T (DSM 3071) was originally isolated from bovine rumen contents in the USA [1] and subsequently described and named by Bryant and Small [2]. It has a Gram-positive cell wall but stains Gram-negative [3]. It is the type species of the genus Butyrivibrio within the family Lachnospiraceae and the type stain of the B. fibrisolvens species [4]
D1 is an anaerobic bacterium that ferments a broad range of complex plant polysaccharides including xylan, pectin, and starch, and produces primarily butyrate, formate, lactate, H₂, and CO₂. D1 has a large repertoire of carbohydrate active enzymes (126 glycosyl hydrolases, 113 glycosyl transferases, 2 polysaccharide lyases, 14 carbohydrate esterases) [5]
The D1 genome (4,934,347 bp) consists of a chromosome (4,671,138 bp) and two plasmids (242,710 bp and 20,499 bp) [6].
Rumen butyrivibrios are among the few bacteria shown to possess two distinct respiratory enzyme complexes, Rnf and Ech, which couple with two ATP synthases in separate chemiosmotic circuits and impact energy conservation in these organisms [7]. In D1 the genes for the Ech hydrogenase (echABCDEF) and the associated hydrogenase maturation proteins are clustered adjacent to the replication origin of the 243 kb plasmid. This plasmid also encodes a large cell-wall associated pectin methylesterase [8] predicted to produce methanol, a substrate for methylotrophic methanogens, from methoxylated substrates such as pectin.
LPSN: Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens Bryant and Small 1956
NCBI: Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens. Tax ID: 1121131.
GTDB: Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens (D1T is the sole member of this species group).
Risk group: 1
Global Methane Hub Metadata
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Genome
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DefenseFinder Results
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Methylome
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Methylating E. coli
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Culturing Conditions
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Antimicrobial MIC Tests
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Protocols
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Transformation Results
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External Links
[1] Bryant MP, Burkey LA. 1953. Cultural methods and some characteristics of some of the more numerous groups of bacteria in the bovine rumen. J Dairy Sci 36:205–217. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(53)91482-9.
[2] Bryant MP, Small N. 1956. The anaerobic monotrichous butyric acid-producing curved rod-shaped bacteria of the rumen. J Bacteriol 72:16–21. doi: 10.1128/jb.72.1.16-21.1956.
[3] Cheng KJ, Costerton JW. 1977. Ultrastructure of Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens: a Gram-positive bacterium. J Bacteriol 129:1506–1512. doi: 10.1128/jb.129.3.1506-1512.1977.
[4] https://bacdive.dsmz.de/strain/6342
[5] https://www.cazy.org/b33126.html
[6] Palevich N, Palevich FP, Attwood GT, Kelly WJ. 2024. Complete genome sequence of the rumen bacterium Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens D1T. Microbiol Resour Announc 13: e0026724. doi: 10.1128/mra.00267-24.
[7] Schoelmerich MC, Katsyv A, Dönig J, Hackmann TJ, Müller V. 2020. Energy conservation involving 2 respiratory circuits. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 117: 1167-1173. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1914939117.
[8] Carbone V, Reilly K, Sang C, Schofield LR, Kelly WJ, Ronimus RS, Attwood GT, Palevich N. 2025. Crystal Structure of the multidomain pectin methylesterase PmeC5 from Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens D1T. Biomolecules 15: 720. doi: 10.3390/biom15050720.
